Filter element.



K?.l KIEFER. l FILTER ELEMENYr APPLICATION FILED APR. 14

vvPatented Sept. 5,1911;

. the plate only beingseen.

I conditions, and is simpler.

KARL KIEFERjOF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

FILTER ELEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

@atente/'d Sept. 5,'1911.

Application filed April 14, 1911. SerialrNo. 621,097.

To' ell-'whom 'it vmay concern:

,Be it knownV that I, KARL KIEFER, a citizen of thefUnited States, and resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohioyhavevinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Filter Elements, of whichthefollowing is a specification.

My invention- 'relates to filters, and its object is to increase theefiiciency of such ap-l paratus, as well as to simplify the method of producing its vparts, the invention consisting in the parts and in the details of construction and arrangement-cliparts as will hereinafter be more fully described and claimed.

In the drawing: Figure 1 is a Vbroadside view of one of my improved filter elements, Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modification thereof, part of the plate being represented-as broken away, for lack of space. FigpS is a cross-section on the line w-w of Fig. l, representing two of the plates and one layer inclosed thereby, and another layer exposed. :Fig-4t is a conventional section approximately `on the line 'y-y of- Fig. 1, through'the inlet and outlet of the plate, the ribs of thel plates, however, being represented aspara-llel with this line y/-y, for sakev of clearness. Fig. 5 is an enlarged part section corresponding to the section of Fig. 4, to better illustrate the more important details of my invention.

The filter is made up of a series of the plates 1 and the layers f2, alternating, and, as I prefer to illustrate them, the plates telescope, and the layers 2 are' completelyinclosedV bythe telescoping plates when they have been assembled. Also, theinlet and outlet extensions, 1 and 1b, respectively,'witli their openings, register when the plates thus telescope, so that the series of assembled plates will constitute a continuous supply passage and a continuous outlet passage for the liquid filtered. In the plates illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5, there is only 4one outlet and one inlet passageto each plate, but

in the plate illustrated in Fig. 2, 4eacli'plat'e' is designed to'have dianietrically opposite inlets anddiametrically opposite outlets;

this latter design is generally followed,.

although the single inlet and single outlet sys# tem will be found equally efficient under most In either case, whether there be one or two sets of inlet and outlet passages, the handles 1 are placed iiiarnetrieally opposite and in verticalJaiineopposite relation is maintained.

nient, and the extensions 1a and 1b are displaced circuiiiferentially of theplates to allow this position of the handles; the extensions being displaced in the saine direc'- tioii around the plate, their dianietrically l By this arrangement, the handles and extensions are confined to the same. zone of substantially circumferential alinement, improving the plate as an article'of manufacture bythe simple,

Xl g. `compact"ifiakeeup afforded, and imparting added strength thereto iii proportion to lthe weight. It dispenses with the projecting, more or less unwieldy handles, `generally made separate and fastened to the plates and liable to become loosened in use. By'this improved construction, the entire filter plate may be integral,and its bulk and weight reduced considerably.

These filter elements are moreA especially related to that type employing compressed, moist, fibrous pulp as 'a filtering iiiediuni, and it is ,to the facilitation of the use of such a filtering material that the more important details of my invention are devoted. In \'arious-prior patents, I have disclosed the use ofl such pulp with regions `adjacent an inlet or out-let more compressed than interior regions,' so that Vthe more compressed regions forni gaskets, while the less compressed iiiterior constitutes the filtering-body of the apparatus.' This higher degree of compres sion is provided by compressing the desired part of the filter-mass to a--lesser thickness, and in such an operation, of course, an off-set or shoulder is formed betweenA the less conipressed partand the more compressed part. Where it is desired to'attain a high degree of compression of this more compressedpart, and thus render it a perfectly liquid-tiglit gasketforming element, the difference between the differently compressed parts of the layer may be considerable, and the off-Set so formed may be excessive, in which case there is liability of'disruption of the structure of the filterniass in the region 'of the offset,

either while the layer is being made, or while it is being handled, or even afterit has been assembled in the filter and is in use, owing to the severe inequality of strains imposed 'on 'thetwo differently treated 'parts of the layer during compression.

' I eliminate the above excessive difference in stresses, and avoid the difficult-ies incident th-creto, by providing the filter layer' with a terraced margin, lamd-by providing the plate' ,i which is to-receive and 'cooperate with said layer with its thicker outer marginal part terraced to correspond with the terraced margin of the-layer. Such a filter layermay have its marginal region more v compressed than itsinterior ltering region, for the purposes above set forth, by stages of compression, so that the difference in stressV imposed on any two inmediately adjacent regions of the filter mass will not' be so excessive as to cause the disruption above alludedto, but'to leave the structure ofthe layer sound and adapted to operate in the filter with its full efiiciency.

The type of filter plate which I illustrate as an embodiment of my'improvements above described, comprises the thicker outer mary ginal part l, which is terraced as set forth,

vof the interior of the thicker and a thinner interior liquidconducting part 1", which has a series'of transverse parallel ribs le. These ribs 1e terminate short marginal part 1d, so 'that they not only form a seriesf transverse channels le, but also leave an an nular channel le", through which the transverse channels 1e intercommunicate. These ribs l, and the channels they form, on both sides ofthe thin-interior part 1e, it will be 'seen that a complete universal liquidconducting system is provided on both'sides of the plate interiorly thereof. Thedimensions and cross-sectional formation of the 55` i vrior thereof by the abrupt stages described,

channels 1" and 19". are such that when a yfilter layer 2, of compressed moist pulp, is .l 3.5,.

juxtaposed to the plate 1, and its inner less compressed part 2a comes into Contact with the ribsv le of the interior thinner 'part 1e of the plate, the fibers of the pulp layer willf not embed in the 'channelsbetween and around the ribs, but `will be supported across said channels, leaving the channels open lfor the conduction of the liquid to and from the body of the layer'. 1

The layer 2, with its inner less compressed part 2 lying within and making close contact with the ribbed inner part 1" of the plate, has its terraces 2b brought into the terraces 1d of the thicker outer marginal part 1d of the plate. these steps or terraces 2F on each side of the layer 2, and a corresponding two terraces 14 on each side ofthe plate 1. In accordance with the ktelescoping arrangement of the plates,-,one' side of the plate has the two terraces adjacentand receding fromthe inteand finally, yhas an extended encompassing stage of its interior wall, substantially-equal in axial extent to two stages of the terraced formation; land the other side of the plate ceding from the literiorby said abrupt stages, and then terminatingrwith an out-- y 'wardly presented or convexstage that is of extent substantially equal to one of the being vopenings of the assembled plates.

s shown, there are two of j wardly of the vas illustrated. 4Thus formed, when two incassa stages of the terraced formation and of outer diameter such as to admit it snugly into the encompassing stage of the next plate. It will be seen that with the parts so proportioned, when the plates telescope, the oppo-l site terraced marginal parts of the layer 2 will be receivedinto and inclosed by the telescoping terraced `parts of the plate 1, and the only open spaces left between the plates and the inclosed layer willA be the channels in the interior, for the proper conduction of the liquid. The terraced parts of the plate and the layer, of metal, and ofl extremely hard compressed pulp, respectively, will fit together so intimately that no leakage of the liquid can take place between the outer marginal parts of the filter-elements.

Passages lt extend inwardly from the inlets and the outlets of the plates, in the extensions 1a and 1b, respectively, between the terraced parts of the plate adjacent thereto, and preferably in the plane of the thin'interior part of the plate. These passages 1f, as shown, widen somewhat, inwardly, and the thin part of the plate has a segmental slot through it at the moutlrof the passage 1f, in each instance, of substantially the extent of the annular channel 1e.,`so that the passage may communicate with said annular intercommunicating channels le" on both sides of the plate, and, through them, to the transverse channels 1.

To supplement the highlyl compressed parts of the'l'ayers in their gasket forming function, gaskets 1g may be embedded in an- 100 nular grooves on the faces of the thick outer marginal parts of the plates where they come together, and, also, there may be gaskets 1g around the inlet and outlet openings in the extensions of said plates, also em- 105 bedded therein, and these gaskets 1g and 1g may be continuous, as shown'. The gaskets 1g" preserve the continuity of the inlet and outlet passages formed by` the registering j The radially projected surfaces of the terraces '1d of the platesl are preferablyA inclined to the planet of the plate, so that/ said surfaces on respective sides ofla plate areinclined toward each other radially outplate, uniformly therearound,

plates approach, they form slightly inclosing, gripping dovetails that,bite5 into the terraces of the filter layer 2 and add to the 120 security with which it is held between the thick parts of the plates. The layer, when it is formed, previously, and extraneously of the filter plates, by means of a packing press, l preferably has its radially projected surfacesl of its terraces 2b substantially in the plane of the layer, as indicated at the exposed upper side of the layer in Fig. 3 of the drawing. The layer is so proportioned with respect to the plates that it receives additional compression when the plates are brought together, and it will be seen that the projection of the inclined surfaces of the terraces of the plates will indent the terraces of the layer during this4 additional pressure, as described. Such an arrangement admits of an especially high degree of compression and intimate contact between' the outermost terrace 21 of the layer and the corresponding terrace of the plate, without incurring any of the disadvantages hereinbefore alluded to.

It will be readily understood from the foregoing that my 'invention is not limited in its application to the combination with the exact details described, but," i

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Let-ters Patent is:

1. In a filter, the combination of lter plates, each having a thinnerin'terior part, and av thicker terraced outer marginal part, and a lfilter" layer with a terraced marginal region held between the terraced parts of the plates.

2. In a filter, the combination of filter plates, each having a thinner channeled'inte# rior part, and a thicker terraced outer mar# ginal part, and a'iilter layer with a terraced j" marginal region held' between and conforming to the terraced parts ofthe plates, but 30 being supported across .the channels of the interior parts of the plates.

3. In aA filter,the combination .of filter' plates, each havinga thinner interiorpartv and a thicker terraced' outer marginal part, and having their marginal `parts telescoping, and a filter layer with a terraced marginal region held between and inclosed within'the telescoping terracedparts of the plates.

4..In a filter, the 'combination of filter plates, each havingathinner interior, and. a thicker terraced outer marginal part, and a filter layer with "a terraced marginal re-v 1 gion to be heldbetween the terraced marginal parts of the plates, said lterraced parts of the plates being rejected so as. to indent the terraced parts og) the layer. t fV 5. In' al filter, the combinationof filte" plates, each having a t inner interior part with `intereommunicating channels, and h av. ing a thicker terraced outer marginal part,

and a filter layer previously formed, 'extr'afV neously ofthe plates, with a terraced-mars.

u Genies of-.this patient may be obtained f or' ina'l regionfto be'heldbetween and. conbraced between said thinner. interior parts of .the plates and lsupported across the channelsv thereof.` l 6. In a filter, as a'liqidcondutor, a plate having a thinner interior -pa'rtwith intercommunicati'ng channels,'and having a thicker outer margrnalpart comprisingaterrace w1th a step remote from said lnterior part,

and the interior part.

vand a step intermediate ofthe remote stepn 7. In a filter, as a; liquid conductor-aplate' having a thinner interior part withtransverse intercommunicating' chaa1 nels, and

part with a passage through tfto-tlhe` intercommunicating channels. A .8.v In -a filter,;a -ilterplate with .vertically disposed diametrically opposite handles and having a. thicker terraced -outerv marginal 7o oppositely i disposed conduitextensions, said handles and said extension being substantially in circumferential alinem'ent.

` 9. In afilter, .a filter. layer witha multiple-terraced margin,

ple-terraced regions .on both sides.

11'. In afilter, a' filter layer of compressed fibrous" pulp` 'ha vin-g its',` marginal region more compressed thanits interior region by stages of compression, wherebyits vmarginal-- -region is terraced, for the purposes set forth.

.12. Infa filter, a -filter' layer previously.

ycompressed extraneously of the 1i1ter,.' witha- 10; In' afilter, a filter layer having multi-v `tt'arraced marginal region having* steps of varying degrees of compression. 13.- In a. filter, afilter' layer previously 'compressed eXtraneously of thefilter, with-a terraced. marginal region having inner,.out e1., Y

and intermediate steps o f minimum, maxi-kv mum and intermediate degreesoficompression, respectively.

signed my name'in the presence vtwo sub'-4 tive centsfeaeh, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washngton,D.' C.

In testimony -whereof I have'hereunto.V

.i ...scribing 4 witnesses, thisl 0th dayl'o'f April, 

